This has a fine, transformative vista, particularly, a community who does no longer become riven which have fundamental antagonisms, believing that will be eliminate the urge so you can dominate as a result of conceptual identity, while the flourishing out of types of stuff within their particularity. Due to the fact Adorno are convinced that contemporary people has the info so you can alleviate the distress they nevertheless perpetuates, his bad dialectics have good utopian arrive at: “In view of one’s tangible chances of utopia, dialectics is the ontology of one’s untrue position. A right status is freed from dialectics, don’t system than simply paradox” (ND eleven). Such as for instance a good “best position” will be among reconciliation anywhere between humans and you may character, such as the characteristics within this individuals, and certainly individuals themselves. This idea out of reconciliation sustains Adorno’s reflections to the ethics and you may metaphysics.
six. Ethics and you can Metaphysics once Auschwitz
Eg Adorno’s epistemology, their ethical thinking derives away from good materialistic metacritique off German idealism. The brand new model toward “Freedom” during the Negative Dialectics (ND 21199) conducts a beneficial metacritique of Kant’s critique out-of fundamental need. Therefore as well, the model to the “Globe Spirit and you will Pure History” (ND 30060) brings good metacritique of Hegel’s values of history. Both activities on top of that would a great subterranean debate to your Marxist customs, and that debate instructions Adorno’s appropriation from both Kantian and Hegelian “fundamental thinking.”
The first point on the Addition so you’re able to Negative Dialectics indicates the brand new guidance Adorno’s appropriation usually takes (ND 34). Indeed there he requires if or not and how viewpoints is still you’ll be able to. Adorno asks which resistant to the backdrop from Karl ously declared you to philosophy’s activity is not only to translate the nation but to help you switch it. Into the distinguishing their historic materialism on sensory materialism out of Ludwig Feuerbach, entally productive and you may governmental organisms whose interrelations commonly simply interpersonal however, public and historic. Marx’s focus on production, government, society, and you may records takes their epistemology when you look at the good “pragmatic” advice. “Truth” cannot mean new abstract communication between believe and you will reality, between proposal and you can fact, he says. As an alternative, “truth” refers to the financial, governmental, public, and you will historic fruitfulness from believe used.
Although Adorno shares several of Marx’s anthropological intuitions, he believes one to a 20th-century equation out-of knowledge having fundamental fruitfulness got devastating outcomes for the both parties of one’s iron-curtain. The fresh new Addition to Negative Dialectics initiate by creating a couple says. Very first, whether or not frequently out-of-date, viewpoints remains requisite once the capitalism has not been overthrown. Next, Marx’s interpretation from capitalist people is ineffective and his awesome complaints was outmoded. And therefore, praxis not any longer functions as an acceptable reason for challenging (philosophical) idea. Actually, praxis suits generally just like the a good pretext to own closing down the theoretical feedback one transformative praxis would require. When you are however acting to know the complete, values does not understand how thoroughly this will depend on society once the a complete, right towards philosophy’s “immanent facts” (ND cuatro). Values must shed instance naivete. It will ask, as the Kant inquired about metaphysics just after Hume’s feedback out-of rationalism, How is actually values however it is possible to? So much more specifically, Exactly how, after the failure out-of Hegelian thought, was opinions nevertheless you’ll be able to? How do the new dialectical efforts so you’re able to conceptualize the nonconceptual-and that Marx in addition to pursued-just how do so it values become proceeded?
With skipped the moment of the realization (via the proletarian revolution, based on early Marx), thinking now need criticize alone: their personal naivete, their intellectual antiquation, their incapacity to know the advantage where you work in the industrial late capitalism
This mind-implicating feedback of loved ones ranging from concept and exercise is but one extremely important resource in order to Adorno’s reflections for the integrity and you may metaphysics. Other is the catastrophic impact off 20th-century background into the prospects for picturing and having a civilized business. Adorno’s try a stability and you will metaphysics “shortly after Auschwitz” (Bernstein 2001, 371414; Zuidervaart 2007, 4876). Ethically, he states, Hitler’s barbarism imposes a great “the fresh new categorical crucial” to the humans inside their status out of unfreedom: thus to arrange its believe and you will action one “Auschwitz would not recite by itself, [that] little equivalent manage takes place” (ND 365). Metaphysically, philosophers need to find historically compatible an approach to explore definition and you can details and you may distress one to neither reject neither affirm the presence of a world transcendent on that we know. Whereas doubting it would prevents the new suffering one calls away to own basic changes, straightforwardly affirming the existence of utopia do cut off the fresh new feedback of modern area and struggle to switch it. The foundation having Adorno’s double method is not a low profile ontology, while the particular have advised, but rather an excellent “speculative” or “metaphysical” feel. Adorno appeals to the action one think and this “does not decapitate alone” streams into idea of a scene where “not simply extant distress could be abolished and suffering one is actually irrevocably earlier might be revoked” (403). Neither logical positivist antimetaphysics neither Heideggerian hypermetaphysics does fairness so you can which sense.
댓글을 남겨주세요